COVID-19 vaccination efforts were initially restricted to health department control, and physician practices were not often included as vaccination sites. However, as vaccine availability improves ,physician offices will become a place where vaccines can be delivered conveniently and efficiently. It is important to understand the current and future coding and billing requirements for COVID-19 vaccination so that one’s practice may be appropriately reimbursed.
Dr. Michael E. Nelson
The provision of COVID-19 vaccination in an office setting is not as simple as influenza or pneumonia vaccination. One can find useful information about all vaccines and specifically about COVID-19 vaccines at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/ed/index.html. This site includes video training modules and downloadable resources for clinical use, as well as patient education. This information is important as providing vaccinations may require a change in infrastructure, equipment, and clinical flow. It may not be financially advantageous for one’s practice to provide COVID-19 vaccination.
If the decision is made to provide COVID-19 vaccinations, there are specific CPT codes for each vaccine and its administration (Table 1). These codes are valid for the vaccines with emergency use authorization (Pfizer, Moderna, Janssen) but not yet for as yet unauthorized vaccines (AstraZeneca). Should additional vaccines be authorized, it is expected that new CPT codes will be added.
When a patient is vaccinated, only the administration code is used at this time. The CPT codes for the vaccine (91300-3) should not be used because the cost of the vaccine is currently born by the federal government. When the vaccines are available for purchase by a practice, it will then be appropriate to use the vaccine CPT code. If an evaluation and management (E/M) service is performed, the appropriate E/M service code should be reported in addition to the vaccine administration code.
For payment of the vaccine administration by Medicare, either a single claim or roster claim can be submitted. When five or more patients are vaccinated using the same vaccine on the same day, one may submit a roster claim. Instructions on how to appropriately bill the various Medicare plans can be found at https://tinyurl.com/hfya8888. Guidelines for payment by private insurers should also be reviewed as well, as they will have their own requirements. If a vaccine is given to an individual who does not have any insurance coverage, reimbursement may be available through the Provider Relief Fund. These funds were made available by legislation, including the CARES act and information about claim submittal for the uninsured can be found at https://www.hrsa.gov/CovidUninsuredClaim.