Researchers from University Hospital Tübingen, Germany, say that although the data for treating acute leukemia with dronabinol (THC), a cannabinoid derivative, are “controversial,” it has been shown to have antitumor potential for several cancers. When the researchers tested THC in several leukemia cell lines and native leukemia blasts cultured ex vivo, they found “meaningful” antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects.
Related: Lawmakers Urge VA to Reform Medical Marijuana Rules
From the data, they also found cannabinoid receptor agonists may be useful as low-toxic agents, especially for patients who are “heavily pretreated,” elderly, or have refractory disease. Evidence was cited that THC retained antileukemic activity in a sample from a patient with otherwise chemotherapy- and steroid-refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).
Related: Veterans’ Use of Designer Cathinones and Cannabinoids
Due to the excellent safety profile of THC, the researchers say, effective doses are achievable in vivo, although tolerable doses may vary widely. They suggest starting with a subeffective dose and increasing gradually, which will help the patient build tolerance to the well-known psychoactive effects, which have been a drawback to widespread use of THC for patients with cancer.
They add that, due to sparse densities of cannabinoid receptors in lower brain stem areas, severe intoxications with THC rarely have been reported.
Related: Surgeon General Murthy Discusses Marijuana Efficacy
In addition to the direct antileukemic effects, the researchers suggest that therapeutic use of THC has many desirable adverse effects, such as general physical well-being, cachexia control, and relief of pain, anxiety and stress—which, they note, should “facilitate the decision process.”
Source:
Kampa-Schittenhelm KM, Salitzky O, Akmut F, et al. BMC Cancer. 2016;16(25)1-12.
doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-2029.
