Study Overview
Objective. To investigate the 5-year clinical outcome of patients undergoing hybrid revascularization for multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD).
Design. Multicenter, open-label, prospective randomized control trial.
Setting and participants. 200 patients with multivessel CAD referred for conventional surgical revascularization were randomly assigned to undergo hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Main outcome measures. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 5 years.
Main results. After excluding 9 patients who were lost to follow-up before 5 years, 191 patients (94 in HCR group and 97 in CABG group) formed the basis of the study. All-cause mortality at 5-year follow-up was similar in the 2 groups (6.4% versus 9.2%, P = 0.69). The rates of myocardial infarction (4.3% versus 7.2%, P = 0.30), repeat revascularization (37.2% versus 45.4%, P = 0.38), stroke (2.1% versus 4.1%, P = 0.35), and major adverse and cardiac and cerebrovascular events (45.2% versus 53.4%, P = 0.39) were similar in the 2 groups. These findings were consistent across all levels of risk for surgical complications (EuroScore) and for complexity of revascularization (SYNTAX score).
Conclusion. HCR has similar 5-year all-cause mortality when compared with conventional CABG.
Commentary
HCR has been proposed as a less invasive, effective alternative revascularization strategy to conventional CABG for patients with multivessel CAD. The hybrid approach typically combines the long-term durability of grafting of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) using the left internal mammary artery and the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for non-LAD stenosis; this approach has been shown to have similar or perhaps even better long-term patency compared with saphenous vein grafts.1,2 Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of HCR by comparing HCR to conventional CABG at 1 year.2 However, the long-term outcome of HCR compared to conventional CABG has not been previously reported.