Remaining active is important
As a matter of fact, the superagers indicated that generally they had been more active than the control subjects during their middle years. “Attempting to stay physically fit is essential; even if it just means going for a walk or taking the stairs,” said Dr. Cellerino.
On average, the superagers also fared much better in tests on physical health than the control subjects. They suffered significantly less from depression or anxiety disorders. “Earlier studies suggest that depression and anxiety disorders may influence performance in memory tests across all ages and that they are risk factors for developing dementia,” said Dr. Cellerino.
To avoid mental health issues in later life, gerontologist Dr. Cellerino recommended remaining socially engaged and involved. “Depression and anxiety are commonly also a consequence of social isolation,” he said.
Potential genetic differences
Blood sample analyses demonstrated that the superagers exhibited lower concentrations of biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases than the control group did. In contrast, there was no difference between the two groups in the prevalence of the apo e4 allele, one of the most important genetic risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. Nevertheless, Ms. Garo-Pascual and associates assume that genetics also play a role. They found that, despite 89 variables employed, the algorithm used could only distinguish superagers from normal older adults 66% of the time. This suggests that additional factors must be in play, such as genetic differences.
Body and mind
Since this is an observational study, whether the determined factors have a direct effect on superaging cannot be ascertained, the authors wrote. However, the results are consistent with earlier findings.
“Regarding the management of old age, we actually haven’t learned anything more than what we already knew. But it does confirm that physical and mental function are closely entwined and that we must maintain both to age healthily,” Dr. Cellerino concluded.
This article was translated from the Medscape German Edition. A version appeared on Medscape.com.