1. Activation of the procerus muscle causes:
a. forehead wrinkling
b. infraorbital wrinkling
c. nasal root wrinkling
d. periocular wrinkling
e. suprabrow wrinkling
2. Botulinum toxin type A cleaves which of the following presynaptic proteins?
a. serotonin
b. acetylcholine
c. synaptobrevin
d. synaptosomal associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25)
e. syntaxin
3. Which of the following muscles is the most responsible for creating deep vertical lines in the glabellar area?
a. corrugator supercilii
b. depressor supercilii
c. levator palpebrae superioris
d. orbicularis oculi
e. procerus
4. Eyelid ptosis is a common side effect due to inadvertent migration of botulinum toxin to which muscle?
a. depressor superciliaris
b. frontalis
c. levator palpebrae superioris
d. nasalis
e. orbicularis oculi
5. Apraclonidine ophthalmic drops can give a 2- to 3-mm elevation in a ptotic eyelid by which mechanism?
a. activation of the lateral orbicularis oculi
b. activation of the upper orbicularis oculi
c. contraction of Müller muscle
d. weakening of the levator palpebrae superioris
e. weakening of the lower frontalis