Among both white and black men from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, aspirin use was inversely associated with prostate cancer mortality and case-fatality. The study investigated associations of aspirin and non-aspirin (NA)-NSAID use with prostate cancer incidence, mortality, and case-fatality in a population-based cohort of white and black men. Researchers included 6,594 men (5,060 white, 1,534 black) from the ARIC study without a cancer history at enrollment in 1987-1989. NSAID use was assessed at 4 study visits (1987-1998). Cancer outcomes were ascertained through 2012. They found:

• Aspirin use was not associated with prostate cancer incidence.
• However, aspirin use was inversely associated with prostate cancer mortality (hazard ratio, 0.59).
• This association was consistent among white and black men and appeared restricted to daily aspirin use and/or for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention.
• Aspirin use was inversely associated with case-fatality (HR, 0.45).
• NA-NSAID use was not associated with these endpoints.