As a marker of ovarian aging, lower anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were associated with greater disability and gray matter loss in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) independent of chronological age and disease duration, according to a recent study. Women with MS and healthy controls were included from a longitudinal research cohort with up to 10-year follow-up. Plasma AMH levels were measured for baseline and years 3, 5, and 8–10. Researchers found:

• AMH levels were similar in women with MS (n=412, mean age 42.6 years) and healthy controls (n=180, mean age 44 years).
• In a multivariable model of women with MS, including adjustments for age, body mass index, and disease duration, 10-fold lower AMH level was associated with 0.43-higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, 0.25-unit worse MS Functional Composite z score, and 7.44 mm³ lower cortical gray matter volume at baseline.
• In a multivariable random-intercept–random-slope model using all observations over time, 10-fold decrease in AMH was associated with a 0.27 increase in EDSS and 5.48 mm³ and 4.55 mm³ decreases in total gray and cortical gray matter, respectively.